Talks, Seminars, Events

Abstract
On the one hand, double stars are a nuisance for data reductions. On the other hand, they are scientifically interesting and important. After all, binaries probably constitute the majority of the overall stellar population. Thus they are crucial e.g. for our understanding of the formation of stars and planets in general. The Gaia mission sees, discovers, measures and parameterizes double stars - both optical pairs and physical binaries - in a surprising multitude of ways. Each of these ways poses an operational challenge as well as a scientific chance. Once fully exploited they will give a strongly revised picture of stellar binarity statistics. And they will remove all the disturbances caused by duplicity in the astrometric and photometric data of Gaia DR2. Gaia DR1 achieved an effective angular resolution (i.e.pair separations) of 2 arcsec, DR2 of 0.4 arcsec. But the actual optical resolution of the Gaia instrument is about 0.15 arcsec, and there are ways to detect and measure pairs down to the milli-arcsec level. All this can be done for hundreds of millions of stars, but it means a few more years of hard work by the Gaia data reduction consortium.

Abstract
Stars are embedded in di?erent environments of Giant Molecular Clouds during their formation phase. Despite this fact, it is common practice to assume an isolated spherical core as the initial condition for models of individual star formation. To avoid the uncertainties of initial and boundary conditions, we use an alternative approach of zoom-in simulations to account for the environment in which protostars form. Our magnetohydrodynamical simulations show that the diversity in protostellar environments is reflected in the accretion process of protostars, as well as in the disk formation process. Regarding protostellar multiples our analysis suggests that companions initially form with wider separations of ~1000 au and afterwards migrate to smaller separations of ~100 au from the primary star. Against the background of observations of bridge-like structures such as seen for e.g. IRAS 16293-2422, we find that similar structures emerge as transient phenomena during protostellar multiple formation. To account for infall events of single stars at later times, we study how encounter events with gas condensations affects the properties of the star and the properties of its disk.

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In the course of their accretion phase, massive (proto)stars impact their natal environment in a variety of feedback effects such as thermal heating, MHD-driven protostellar jets and outflows, radiation forces, and photoionization / HII regions. Here, I present our most recent simulation results in terms of the relative strength of the feedback components and the size of the reservoir from which the forming stars gain their masses. For the first time, these simulations include all of the feedback effects mentioned above which allows us to shed light on the physical reason for the upper mass limit of present-day stars. Furthermore, we predict the fragmentation of massive circumstellar accretion disks as a viable road to the formation of spectroscopic massive binaries and the recently observed strong accretion bursts in high-mass star forming regions.

To advertise our latest code development, I will also overview the most recent results obtained in a variety of other astrophysical research fields from the formation of embedded Super-Earth planets' first atmospheres (Cimerman et al. 2017, MNRAS) to the formation of the progenitors of the first supermassive black holes in the early universe (Hirano et al. 2017, Science).

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